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Hacker: Pirata informatico.
A hacker is a person who relies only upon technology to hack into the system (e.g., by breaking the encryption code). Whereas a hacker usually breaks in without intention to harm the system or for personal gain, a "hacker" turns into a "cracker" when the intention becomes more sinister.

(To) Hamper: Ostacolare.
(1) To restrict the movement of by bonds or obstacles; impede; (2) to interfere with the operation of.

(To) Handle: Trattare, occuparsi di.
To deal with, control; to have responsibility for, be in charge of.

Handout: Fotocopie.
Information given out, for example to students or people attending a talk in the form of a printed sheet.

Handshake: Stretta di mano.
An act of taking each other's right hand when two people meet or leave each other; the way a person does this.

(To) Hang on: Aspettare, restare in linea.
To continue waiting on the telephone for some reason, for example when the person you want to talk to is busy.

(To) Hang up: Riattaccare.
To finish a telephone conversation by putting the receiver back.

Haptics: Cinestesica.
Haptics means communicating by touch. Handshakes, pats, and kisses are just a few of the ways one can communicate by touching. Research has found that touching can create both positive and negative feelings. Your feelings are positive when the touch is perceived to be natural. A person gets the opposite feeling when the touch is perceived to be insincere.

Hard copy: Copia cartacea.
A physical document, usually text on paper.

Hard disc: A "hard disc" file storage disc (usually a magnetic disc) on a computer that has higher storage capacity and faster access time than slower devices such as floppy disc drives and optical disc drives. This is not the same as memory or random access memory (RAM). Usually the term "hard drive" refers to rigid discs coated with magnetic material.

Head of state: Capo di stato.
In a presidential system, the head of state is the president himself, who is considered to be the symbolic embodiment of the nation. In parliamentary systems, the head of state is not the prime minister but a figure considered to be above politics and representing the nation as a whole. In these systems the head of state may have mainly a ceremonial function, as in present-day Germany and Israel. In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen is the head of state-their real power may be limited but their symbolic power may be great.

Header: Intestazione.
Control information inserted in front of data when the data is encapsulated for network transmission.

Heading: Intestazione, titolo di capitolo.
A title printed at the top of a page to indicate the subject matter that is going to be discussed in a particular subject column or section.

Heading: Intestazione.
It is located at the top of the business letter and includes: name, address, phone number, company logo or letterhead. The letterhead and the date the letter will be sent make up the heading. When printing on blank paper, use your address, without your name, and date as the heading.

Hereditary Peers: Nobili per diritto ereditario.
Hereditary peers inherit their title. The House of Lords Act 1999 removed the entitlement of most of the hereditary peers to sit and vote in the House of Lords and of the 92 hereditary peers who retain their seat in the Lords, 75 were elected by their fellow hereditary peers. The Peerage consists of five ranks, Duke, Marquise, Earl, Viscount and Baron. Peerages may become extinct or fall into abeyance, but so long as there is an heir the title will continue.

Hertz: Unit of measure that equals a frequency of one cycle per second.

Hierarchical communication: Comunicazione gerarchica.
Communication taking place according to the arrangement of an organisation in higher and lower ranks.

Hierarchical outline: Schema, mappa strutturata.
An arrangement of information in form of a map or other according to higher and lower ranks. Hierarchy: Gerarchia.
An organization with people ranked in order of grade, rank, etc. An executive, for example, would be high in the company hierarchy; a sales clerk would be low in that hierarchy.

High touch goods: Goods such as clothes and shoes which consumers prepare to see and touch before they buy.

(To) Highlight: Evidenziare.
Pick out something as an important part.

Highlighted: Evidenziato.
Indicates that an object or text is selected and will be affected by your next action. Highlighted objects may change color or be surrounded by some sort of selection cursor.

(To) Hire: Assumere, impiegare, dare lavoro.
American English, to employ or appoint for a job.
(1) To engage the personal services of for a set sum;
(2) to grant the personal services of or temporary use of for a fixed sum;
(3) to get done for pay.

Historical cost: Costo storico.
Actual costs, as opposed to projected or forecasted costs; expenditures recorded in the books of account.

(To) Hold on: Restare in linea.
To wait on the telephone, same as hang on.

Holding Company: Holding.
A corporation that owns the securities of another, in most cases with voting control.

Home automation: Automazione domestica.
The ability of products to communicate with each other over some medium within the home such as twisted pair, coaxial cable, radio frequency, infrared, spread spectrum, or power line. Control applications include lighting, air conditioning, heating, overall energy management, security, watering, and entertainment. The three leading protocols for home automation are LonWorks, CEBus, and Smart House.

Horse race: Corsa elettorale.
Used as a metaphor for an election campaign, “horse race” conveys the feeling of excitement that people experience when watching a sporting event. The term also refers to media coverage of campaigns, which frequently emphasizes the candidates' standings in public-opinion polls — as if they were horses in a race — instead of the candidates' stands on the issues.

Host: Computer ospite.
A generic term that refers to any computer providing information or services to others. The term originated with large mainframe computers that acted as a "host" to a set of terminals. Now, however, it may refer to a web server that functions as a host to web browsers, a file server that acts as a host to other computers on a local area network and so on.

Hot spot: Buttons or other programmable objects that can activate objects or linked events.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): HTML is the language used to tag various parts of a Web document so browsing software will know how to display that document's links, text, graphics and attached media.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): The set of standards that lets web servers and browsers communicate with each other.

Human resources: Risorse umane. Reparto personale. A department in a firm that deals with personnel.

Human rights: Diritti umani.
Human rights were defined in The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the United Nations in 1948. It was a historic step brought about in response to the horrors of World War II. Article 1 of the declaration states, "All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood." Article 2 states, "Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status".
The case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities recognises the principles laid down in the Council of Europe's Convention on Human Rights. This respect for human rights was confirmed by the Member States in the preamble to the 1986 Single Act and later incorporated into Article 6 of the EU Treaty, which is based on the above Convention and the shared constitutional traditions of the Member States.

Hyperlink: Web developers use HTML to create hyperlinks that a user clicks on to view another web page. Hyperlinks can appear as graphics or as areas of differently colored or underlined text.

Hypermedia: Ipermedia.
Hypertext with added features for audio and video. Hypermedia may also entail touch screen or remote control capabilities such that users can navigate by touching the computer screen or remote control devices. Eventually hypermedia will entail other senses such as smell. The key to hypermedia is random access that allows lightning-fast non-linear navigation based upon reader choice or other reader actions such as responses to questions. The term "multimedia" is not totally synonymous with "hypermedia," because multimedia may not entail hypertext authoring.

Hypertext: Ipertesto.
Pages of computer text that are authored in software allowing for non linear navigation based upon button controls, hot words, or other controls that make sequencing of pages virtually irrelevant. Hypertext authoring packages typically differ from word processing packages that are intended primarily for preparing text for hard copy printing. Hypertext software may have options to print particular pages, but the intent is for computer use rather than printing. The key to hypertext is random access that allows lightning-fast non-linear navigation based upon reader choice or other reader actions such as responses to questions.

Hyphen: Trattino.
A short written or printed line which can join words or syllables.
The case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities recognises the principles laid down in the Council of Europe's Convention on Human Rights. This respect for human rights was confirmed by the Member States in the preamble to the 1986 Single Act and later incorporated into Article 6 of the EU Treaty, which is based on the above Convention and the shared constitutional traditions of the Member States.

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